An applications-based analysis of life-cycle energy use is more reflective of what users will experience," said Steven DenBaars, professor and co-director of the Solid State Lighting & Energy Center, University of California Santa Barbara and Cree technical advisor. "LED lighting is clearly the most efficient and the greenest light source for the applications discussed in this paper."
The usage phase of energy-efficient lighting dominates the lifetime energy consumption – with 96 to 98 percent of energy used to generate light and less than four percent due to the manufacturing process.
To meaningfully compare lighting efficiencies, lighting applications must be included, not just light sources.
Today LEDs are the most efficient choice for the high-volume lighting applications of residential and commercial recessed downlights and narrow-beam spotlights.
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